** Mkonzi: James Whale: Abambo a Gay a Frankenstein ndikupitilizabe ku iHorror's Mwezi Wonyada Wowopsa kukondwerera Gulu LGBTQ ndi zopereka zawo ku mtunduwo.

Mwa amuna ndi akazi onse omwe adathandizira kuyambitsa masiku oyambilira pamafilimu, ndi ochepa omwe angachite zomwe James Whale adachita atakwanitsa kumvera chisoni "chilombo" cholakwika m'ma 1931 Frankenstein.

Mwina, ndichifukwa choti ochepa mwa opanga amenewo adadziwa zomwe zimawerengedwa kuti ndizonyansa.

Moyo wokhala kunja kwa amuna ogonana amuna okhaokha m'ma 1930 sikunali kophweka, ngakhale ku Hollywood. Panali zoposa kusalana. Panali udani weniweni.

Mwanjira zambiri, sizinasinthe zambiri, komabe panali James Whale, yemwe anali kunja komanso wonyada momwe angakhalire mu 1930 pomwe, atachita bwino kwambiri kutsogolera sewero lotchedwa Kutha kwa Ulendo yemwe sanatchulidwepo wina koma Colin Clive, adapatsidwa contract yazaka zisanu ndi Universal Pictures ndikupatsidwa mwayi wowongolera chilichonse chomwe anali nacho panthawiyo.

Whale pokhala yemwe anali, anasankha Frankenstein. Chinachake mmenemo chinamulankhula, chinamupangitsa iye kulingalira, ndipo pasanapite nthawi anali akulemba chithunzi chomwe chinapanga muyeso wagolide ochepa omwe akumanapo kuyambira pamenepo.

Anabweretsa Colin Clive kuti adzayimbe ngati Henry Frankenstein, komanso anali ndi wosewera wina wanzeru zaukadaulo: Boris Karloff.

"Nkhope yake inandisangalatsa," Whale anafotokoza pambuyo pake. "Ndidapanga zojambula pamutu pake, ndikuwonjezera mizere yakuthwa komwe ndikuganiza kuti chigaza chidalowa."

Ngakhale Karloff anali kusankha kwake, akuti panali magazi ena oyipa pakati pa director ndi wosewera pomwe kujambula kumayamba. Wolemba mbiri m'mafilimu, a Gregory Mank, akuwonetsa kuti Whale adachita nsanje ndi chidwi chomwe Karloff amalandila panthawi yojambula ndipo adabwezeretsa yekha.

Pamene chimaliziro cha kanema chikuyandikira, Chilombocho chimanyamula Henry Frankenstein paphewa pake chokwera phiri lofika mphero yayikulu. Whale adamupangira Karloff kunyamula 6'4 ″ Colin Clive kukwera phiralo mobwerezabwereza momwe amatenga zomwe zimamupangitsa kuti wosewera azimva kuwawa kwambiri msana kwa moyo wake wonse.

Mosasamala kanthu za zomwe zingakhale zikuchitika mobisa, Frankenstein anali wopambana kwambiri kwa Whale, Karloff, ndi Zithunzi Zachilengedwe.

Omvera owongoka adakopeka ndi nthano yayikulu, zojambulidwa bwino, komanso nkhani yowawa yamunthu yemwe adalimbikira kusewera Mulungu.

Omvera achimuna, nthawi imeneyo komanso tsopano, amawona zinthu zonsezi ndi zina zambiri. Ngakhale kuti queer subtext siyingakhale yochenjera kwambiri Mkwatibwi wa Frankenstein, Whale woyamba kulowerera mtunduwo amalankhulabe zambiri.

Kukanidwa kwa Chilombocho ndi "abambo" ake kudayamba pomwepo. Kukanidwa ndi abale ake atazindikira kuti ndinu wovuta kumachitikabe nthawi zambiri ndipo ndi umodzi mwamitu yovulaza kwambiri m'nkhani zathu, ndipo ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti Chilombocho chimangogonjera pamakhalidwe owononga pamaso pa kukanidwa, china chomwe chimasowanso mtendere mdera lathu.

Komanso, ngakhale atapangidwa ngati Chilombo, pali chidwi china pakapangidwe ka Frankenstein. Wina amatha kuziwona ngati zachikazi, motero amatenga mawonekedwe ena amadzimadzi.

Ndipo tisaiwale nthawi yopatsa chiyembekezo yomwe amathamangitsidwa ndi anthu okhala m'mudzimo ali ndi tochi ndi ziboda zopangira chiwonongeko chake. Munthu aliyense wa LGBTQ padziko lapansi amadziwa bwino manthawo.

Ngakhale zida zachiwawa zitha kusintha - ena amatchedwanso "malamulo" - mantha ndi nkhawa zomwe zikuwonekerabe mpaka lero.

Ndizosadabwitsa, podziwa kuti Whale adapanga mphindi izi munthawi ya kanemayo, kuti Chilombocho chakhala chithunzi chodziwika bwino ndipo cholowacho chakhala chikulembedwa m'manyuzipepala ndi zolemba zamaphunziro mobwerezabwereza mzaka zapitazi.

Ena mwa anthu am'derali adapeza mnzake mu "chilombo" cha Whale, ndi olemba ndi omenyera ufulu ngati a Susan Stryker akuwonetsa kufanana pakati pa chilengedwe ndi opareshoni yake kuti akhale yemwe amayenera kukhala.

Ndipo tisaiwale kupembedza kwakukulu kwa Whale kutengera luso la Shelley: The Rocky Horror Picture Show.

Titha kungolingalira zomwe Whale angaganize za cholowa ichi, koma pamene tikuyang'ana njira yotseguka yomwe amakhala moyo wake, ndikuganiza kuti ndibwino kuganiza kuti akadakhala wonyada.

Pambuyo pa 1931 Frankenstein, Whale adapitiliza kuwongolera mitundu ina itatu yamitundu: Nyumba Yakuda Yamdima, Munthu Wosaonekandipo Mkwatibwi wa Frankenstein. Aliyense wa iwo amalemekezedwa chifukwa cha kalembedwe kake ndipo aliyense amadzazidwa ndi chidwi chazoyang'anira za gay.

Anali wofunitsitsa kupitiliza ntchito yamtundu pofika nthawiyo Mkwatibwi anayamba kuchita mantha kuti adzamangidwa ndi nkhunda ngati wowongolera zoopsa. Zachisoni, pofika 1941, ntchito yake yopanga makanema inali itatha, koma anali wanzeru pazachuma chake ndipo anali ndi ndalama zambiri.

Atalimbikitsidwa ndi mnzake yemwe adakhala naye kwa nthawi yayitali, a David Lewis, director adayamba kujambula ndikukhala moyo wapamwamba mnyumba yake yokongola.

Anali paulendo waku Europe pomwe Whale adakumana ndi a Pierre Foegel azaka 25 ndipo adamuwuza Lewis kuti akufuna kuti mnyamatayo apite naye akabwerera. Lewis adadzidzimuka mwachilengedwe; kunali kutha kwa ubale womwe udakhala zaka zopitilira 20. Chodabwitsa, awiriwa adakhalabe abwenzi pambuyo pake.

Pofika mu 1956, Whale anali ndi matenda ovutika maganizo kwambiri ndipo pamwamba pake anadwala matenda opha ziwalo ziwiri. Pa Meyi 29, 1957, adapezeka atafa kunyumba kwake. Iye adamira m'madzi.

Imfa idalamulidwa kuti ndi ngozi koma patadutsa zaka zingapo, David Lewis asanamwalire, adawulula kalata yodzipha yomwe adapeza ndikubisala.

Whale anali ndi zaka 67 zokha panthawi yomwe amamwalira, ndipo ngakhale kutha kwake kunali kowawa, anali moyo wokhala ndi moyo wabwino, ndipo ndibwino kuti timupatse ulemu pakukondwerera Mwezi Wodzikuza Kwambiri.

Ndikufuna kuganiza kuti zingamupangitse kuti amwetulire.